Headline

A programming idiom for computing a result along traversal of a data structure

Details

The idiom is approached differently depending on programming language and programming paradigm. For instance, in functional programming, the fold function may be used to model accumulation. The state monad may be also used for data structures other than lists. In logic programming, the predicates for traversal may use extra parameter positions for the accumulator's value before and after visiting a given term.

Illustration

Consider the following Language:Prolog code for computing maximum of a list of numbers:

max([H|T],M) :- max(T,H,M).

max([],M,M).
max([H|T],M1,M2) :- H > M1 -> max(T,H,M2); max(T,M1,M2).

For instance:

?- max([1,7,3],M).
M = 7.


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